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There is a long marine tradition of Seattle tugboats. The complex inlets of Puget Sound needed tugs to move sailing vessels against contrary winds. Tugs would wait in the open Pacific off Cape Flattery to greet the sailing ships entering the sound to move lumber. During the war years and the Alaskan booms, it became of renewed importance. ==History== The history of Seattle tugboats goes back, with steamships, to the SS Beaver in 1836, and the Goliah in 1849. Seattle was (and still is) an important trading center with commerce to ports at Oregon, B.C., and Alaska. The early lumbering and logging industry needed tugs to move log booms from the hillsides to the sawmills. Thea Foss established Foss tug in Tacoma in 1889. Foss tugboats have the longest and most expansive history in the area. Many of the small logging firms had tugboats for mills at Port Gamble, Bellingham, Everett, Port Ludlow and Olympia. The Klondike Gold Rush spurred the need for seagoing vessels. Every floating vessel was put to use and more were built. With this rush came this explosion of Alaskan canneries and copper mines. Sea trade became important, as it is to this day, to a distant, disconnected northern state. At the same time the U.S. Navy established a naval base at Bremerton, and more tugs were needed. Shipyards were established in Seattle and built battleships. Industry set up at tidewater (viz Boeing) on the Duwamish River estuary. Marine building expanded at Anacortes. West coast tugs were built of coastal Douglas Fir, with cedar upper decks. Condensing triple-expansion steam engines and coal-fired boilers were common (sometimes sawmill slabwood was burnt.) Hundreds of tugs worked the coastal waters of Washington state. The entry of America into the First World War expanded the need for shipping. Aircraft spruce production expanded on the remote Olympic Peninsula, and Alaska. The United States Shipping Board built Ferris ships. A barge lightering 620 tons of ammunition for Russia was sabotaged, set alight, and exploded in Elliott Bay in 1915. Many windows from homes and businesses were blown out from the blast.〔http://www.historylink.org/index.cfm?DisplayPage=output.cfm&file_id=1503〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Seattle tugboats」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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